Tensions have escalated between Indian and Chinese forces along their disputed Himalayan border after accusations that shots were fired for the first time in 45 years.
China released a statement late on Monday night claiming Indian soldiers had crossed over the contested border in Ladakh, known as the line of actual control (LAC), and “opened fire to threaten the Chinese border defence patrol officers”.
India was quick to reject this version of events. The Indian army accused Chinese troops of “provocative activities” by attempting to move in on its troops positioned strategically along southern Pangong lake and then firing in the air to intimidate them.
“Despite the grave provocation, our troops exercised great restraint and behaved in a mature and responsible manner,” the Indian army said. “At no stage has the Indian army transgressed across the LAC or resorted to any use of aggressive means, including firing.”
It was the first time shots have been reportedly fired along the border since 1975, when four Indian soldiers were killed in an ambush.
Neither side reported casualties on Monday but the incident marked a further deterioration of the souring relationship between the two nuclear-armed countries, who have been engaged in an increasingly aggressive standoff long their western border in Ladakh.
In May, China was accused of building up troops and artillery along the border and engaging in unusual movements, which India considered to be a violation of its sovereign territory. The situation escalated in June when Indian and Chinese soldiers clashed at high altitude in Galwan Valley in Ladakh, engaging in hand-to-hand combat, which led to the deaths of 20 Indian soldiers.
The two sides pledged to disengage but at least five rounds of military-level talks have failed to resolve the situation and tensions flared again last week, when both sides accused each other of violating sovereign territory. Both sides have sent tens of thousands of troops to the disputed Himalayan border, which sits at an altitude of more than 4,000 metres (13,500ft).
China said the incident happened on the southern coast of Pangong lake in an area known in Chinese as Shenpaoshan. On the Indian side, the area is known as Chushul, where the two countries’ local military commanders have held several rounds of talks to defuse the standoff. Indian and Chinese troops are now said to be within a few hundred metres of each other.
Zhang Shuili, a spokesperson for the People’s Liberation Army (PLA), said: “We request the Indian side to immediately stop dangerous actions.”
India’s external affairs minister, S Jaishankar, who is expected to meet the Chinese foreign minister, Wang Yi, for talks in Moscow this week, described the latest incident as “very serious” and called for a “very, very deep conversation” between the two sides on a political level.
In 1962, India and China went to war over their border, which stretches over 2,000 miles. For decades, things had remained largely peaceful between the two sides, but there is no sign of resolution of the recent military flare-ups and no signs of disengagement on the ground.
In India, the dispute has led to widespread calls for a boycott of Chinese goods and services and India has banned more than 100 Chinese-made apps.
